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Traditions/Gnostic / Alternative Early Christian
esoteric religion

Gnostic / Alternative Early Christian

Nag Hammadi texts, Thomas, Mary, Apocryphon of John, Sophia, Demiurge, archons, and salvation by knowledge.

Egypt / Levant1st-4th century CE8 readable texts12 indexed sources
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Readable texts

Gospel of Thomas

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Full Gospel of Thomas translation indexed by saying for hidden knowledge, kingdom language, self-knowledge, Mary, James, ritual critique, and Gnostic Jesus comparison.

Coptic with Greek fragments· sayings tradition commonly discussed as 2nd century CE with later Coptic manuscript preservation

Pistis Sophia

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Pistis Sophia is indexed for Sophia, the mysteries of the Light, aeons, archons, ascent, repentance, soul judgment, Mary Magdalene's questions, and Gnostic cosmology.

Coptic, likely drawing on Greek source traditions· late antique Gnostic material; represented by Mead's 1921 public-domain English edition

Gospel of Mary

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Gospel of Mary indexed for Mary Magdalene, visionary knowledge, the soul's ascent, powers, Peter's objection, Levi's defense, and authority conflict.

Greek tradition preserved substantially in Coptic· often discussed as 2nd century CE with surviving later manuscript witnesses

Gospel of Philip

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Gospel of Philip indexed for names, bridal chamber, baptism, Eucharist, resurrection, Mary Magdalene, wisdom, hidden union, and Valentinian sacramental language.

Coptic translation of Greek traditions· 2nd-3rd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex II

Gospel of Truth

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Gospel of Truth indexed for ignorance, Error, knowledge of the Father, fullness, the living book, the Word, rest, return, and Valentinian salvation language.

Coptic translation of Greek traditions· 2nd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex I

Secret Book of James

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Secret Book of James indexed for post-resurrection revelation, James and Peter, hidden books, being filled, the cross, prophecy, knowledge, ascent, and salvation language.

Coptic translation of Greek traditions· 2nd-3rd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex I

Gospel of Judas

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

Gospel of Judas indexed for Judas, secret revelation, Barbelo, Saklas, stars, rulers, baptism critique, sacrifice critique, Judas's vision, and betrayal traditions.

Coptic translation of Greek traditions· 2nd century CE material represented by the later Coptic Codex Tchacos witness

The Secret Book of John / Apocryphon of John

Gnostic / Alternative Early ChristianAlternative Early Christian

The Secret Book of John is indexed by manuscript version for the Monad, Barbelo, Sophia's error, Yaltabaoth, archons, Adam and Eve, the soul's destiny, and the revealer's descent.

Coptic translation of Greek source traditions· 2nd century CE material represented by Coptic witnesses in Nag Hammadi Codices II, III, IV, and the Berlin Codex
Source inventory

Texts and source families

8 compare-ready

Gospel of Thomas

gnostic / sayings gospel2nd-4th century witnessCoptic / Greek
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded; older excerpt remains as a separate legacy version

Full public-domain translation indexed by saying for hidden knowledge, kingdom language, self-knowledge, ritual critique, Mary, James, and Gnostic Jesus comparison.

Read on siteSource record

Pistis Sophia

gnostic text collectionlate antique material; represented by a 1921 English editionCoptic with Greek source traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

public-domain G. R. S. Mead 1921 translation loaded via Internet Sacred Text Archive

Indexed for Sophia, the mysteries of the Light, aeons, archons, soul judgment, ascent, repentance, and Mary Magdalene's questions.

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Gospel of Mary

gnostic / early Christian text2nd century CE with later manuscript witnessesGreek tradition preserved substantially in Coptic
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded

Indexed for Mary Magdalene, visionary knowledge, the soul's ascent, powers, Peter's objection, Levi's defense, and authority conflict.

Read on siteSource record

Gospel of Philip

gnostic / Valentinian sacramental text2nd-3rd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex IICoptic translation of Greek traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded

Indexed for names, bridal chamber, baptism, Eucharist, resurrection, Mary Magdalene, wisdom, hidden union, and Valentinian sacramental language.

Read on siteSource record

Gospel of Truth

gnostic / Valentinian homily2nd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex ICoptic translation of Greek traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded

Indexed for ignorance, Error, knowledge of the Father, fullness, the living book, the Word, rest, return, and Valentinian salvation language.

Read on siteSource record

Secret Book of James

gnostic / Nag Hammadi revelation dialogue2nd-3rd century CE material preserved in Nag Hammadi Codex ICoptic translation of Greek traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded

Indexed for post-resurrection revelation, James and Peter, hidden books, being filled, the cross, prophecy, knowledge, ascent, and salvation language.

Read on siteSource record

Gospel of Judas

gnostic / Sethian-associated gospel2nd century CE material represented by Codex TchacosCoptic translation of Greek traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

Gospels.net public-domain Mark M. Mattison translation loaded

Indexed for Judas, secret revelation, Barbelo, Saklas, stars, rulers, baptism critique, sacrifice critique, Judas's vision, and betrayal traditions.

Read on siteSource record

The Secret Book of John / Apocryphon of John

gnostic / Sethian myth text2nd century CE with Nag Hammadi and Berlin Codex witnessesCoptic translation of Greek source traditions
Indexed nowCompare ready

Other Gospels / Samuel Zinner public-domain Nag Hammadi Initiative translation loaded; separate Davies harmonized translation not included

Indexed across Codex II, Codex IV, Berlin Codex, and Codex III witnesses for the Monad, Barbelo, Sophia's error, Yaltabaoth, archons, Adam and Eve, souls, and the revealer's descent.

Read on siteSource record

Askew Codex / British Library Add MS 5114 (Pistis Sophia) — source-image leads

manuscript4th-century Coptic codexCoptic
Rights reviewpending

Manuscript is PD by age; British Library asserts rights on its own photography — confirm the BL image's reuse terms (BL has released many images as Public Domain Mark, but verify this item) before archiving

The Askew Codex (British Library, Add MS 5114) is the sole witness for pistis-sophia (corpus version Mead 1921, PD). IMAGE LEAD: the BL collection-items page + BL Digitised Manuscripts viewer; confirm the specific image's reuse status (BL Public Domain Mark vs restricted) before archiving a sidecar (ingest=false), institution credit The British Library. Mead's 1921 translation is already the corpus text; only an image is needed.

Source record

Berlin Codex / Papyrus Berolinensis 8502 (Berlin) — source-image leads

manuscript5th-century Coptic papyrus codexCoptic
Rights reviewpending

Codex is PD by age; specific photographs may carry institutional/photographer rights — verify per image; prefer Commons PD-art reproductions

The Berlin Codex (Papyrus Berolinensis 8502), Agyptisches Museum Berlin, is the principal witness for gospel-of-mary and one witness for apocryphon-of-john (BG version). IMAGE LEAD: Wikimedia Commons reproductions of BG 8502 pages (PD-art) — verify license + direct URL per file before archiving (ingest=false), institution credit Agyptisches Museum / Staatliche Museen zu Berlin. The task lead gospels.net/mary is a modern site (its own layout/translation content is likely copyrighted) — use only as a pointer, not an image source.

Source record

Codex Tchacos (Gospel of Judas) — rights caution

manuscript3rd-4th century Coptic codexCoptic
Rights reviewpending

RIGHTS CAUTION — Codex Tchacos photography is closely controlled (National Geographic Society / Maecenas Foundation); most available images are copyrighted. Do NOT archive without explicit permission

gospel-of-judas is witnessed by Codex Tchacos, whose conservation/photography was done under National Geographic with controlled rights — unlike the older PD-by-age codices, clean reusable images are scarce. Treat as EXCLUDE pending permission. OVERALL RECOMMENDATION for this task: run a focused image-archiving pass that (per text above) verifies each Wikimedia Commons / institutional file's license + direct URL, then archives sidecars with ingest=false and relationships to the listed text slugs and topics (e.g., demiurge, archons, sophia/divine-feminine, forbidden-knowledge). No sidecars archived this run because none of the four institutions exposes a clean open-access image API and per-file rights must be confirmed first.

Source record

Nag Hammadi Codices (Coptic Museum, Cairo) — source-image leads

manuscript4th-century Coptic papyrus codicesCoptic
Rights reviewpending

Underlying codices are PD by age; museum/photographer rights on specific photos vary — prefer Wikimedia Commons faithful 2D reproductions (PD-art) with per-file license verified

AUDIT: all 8 target texts already indexed (PD): gospel-of-thomas (Codex II), gospel-of-philip (Codex II), gospel-of-truth (Codex I), secret-book-of-james (Codex I), apocryphon-of-john (Codices II/III/IV + Berlin), pistis-sophia (Askew Codex), gospel-of-mary (Berlin Codex), gospel-of-judas (Codex Tchacos). No text import needed. IMAGE LEADS — Coptic Museum, Cairo holds Nag Hammadi Codices I-XIII; the most reusable images are Wikimedia Commons faithful reproductions of codex pages (e.g., the Gospel of Thomas incipit / Apocryphon of John opening in Codex II), which Commons treats as public domain (PD-art, 2D reproduction of a PD work). RECOMMENDED SIDECARS (archive after verifying each Commons file's license + getting the direct upload.wikimedia.org URL, ingest=false, relation source_witness): link Codex II page -> gospel-of-thomas + gospel-of-philip + apocryphon-of-john; Codex I page -> gospel-of-truth + secret-book-of-james. Institution credit: Coptic Museum, Cairo. NOT archived this run — each file's rights need per-image verification (no clean open-access image API for these codices).

Source record
Questions this area should answer
  • Who is the Demiurge?
  • How does Sophia change the creation story?
  • Which Jesus sayings differ from the later church gospels?