Jaina Sutras Part IJainismAccepted ScripturePrakritShareKalpa Sutra 4Hermann Jacobi / SBE vol. 22 - EnglishMoreVersion - 1 availableHermann Jacobi / SBE vol. 22LanguageEnglishEspañol‹Acharanga Sutra 1Acharanga Sutra 2Acharanga Sutra 3Acharanga Sutra 4Acharanga Sutra 5Acharanga Sutra 6Acharanga Sutra 7Acharanga Sutra 8Acharanga Sutra 9Acharanga Sutra 10Acharanga Sutra 11Acharanga Sutra 12Acharanga Sutra 13Acharanga Sutra 14Acharanga Sutra 15Acharanga Sutra 16Acharanga Sutra 17Acharanga Sutra 18Acharanga Sutra 19Acharanga Sutra 20Acharanga Sutra 21Kalpa Sutra 1Kalpa Sutra 2Kalpa Sutra 3Kalpa Sutra 4Kalpa Sutra 5›Kalpa Sutra: List of the SthavirasKalpa Sutra 4ListenPlay this chapter in spoken English.Save chapterListen to chapter1LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. At that period, at that age the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira had nine Ga;/as and eleven Ga^mdharas. * Why, now, has it been said, that the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira had nine Ga^^as, but eleven Ga;/adharas ?' ' The oldest monk of the Venerable Ascetic Ma- havira was Indrabhuti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred 6'rama72as ; the middle-aged monk was Agnibhuti of the Gautama gotra, who in- structed five hundred ^rama/^as ; the youngest was Vayubhuti of the Gautama gotra, who instructed five hundred Sra.ma.ud.s. The Sthavira Arya-Vyakta of the Bharadvae'a gfotra instructed five hundred Sra- ma;^as ; the Sthavira Arya-Sudharman of the Agni- vej-yayana gotra instructed five hundred ^'rama/^as ; the Sthavira Ma^^^ikaputra ^ of the Vasish//^a gotra instructed two hundred and fifty ^'rama^^as ; the Sthavira Mauryaputra of the Ka^yapa gotra in- structed two hundred and fifty ^'rama/^as ; the Sthavira Akampita of the Gautama gotra and Stha- vira A/^alabhratr/ of the Haritayana gotra, both Sthaviras instructed together three hundred ^ra- ma7^as each ; the Sthaviras Metarya and Prabhasa, both of the K2LU7id'my3i gotra, instructed together ^ Some spell this name Mawfi^i/aputra ; he and IVIauryaputra were sons of the same mother, Vi^ayadevi, but different fathers ; the former of Dhanadeva, the other of Maurya. 2I do not know any legend which connects this Maurya with a king of the Maurya dynasty, which besides would be impossible from a chronological point of view. LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. 287 three hundred Srama^tas each \ Therefore, Sir, has it been said that the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira had nine Ga;^as, but eleven Ga/^adharas.' (i) All these eleven Ga;^adharas of the Venerable Ascetic Mahavira, who knew the twelve Arigas, the fourteen Purvas, and the whole Siddhanta of the Ga;/ins, died, &c. (all down to) freed from all pains in Ra^agr/ha after fasting a month without drink- ing water. The Sthaviras Indrabhuti and Arya Sudharman both died after the Nirva;^a of Maha- vira. The Nirgrantha 6'rama;2as of the present time are all (spiritual) descendants of the monk Arya Sudharman, the rest of the Ga;^adharas left no descendants. (2) The Venerable Ascetic Mahavira was of the Ka- .yyapa gotra. His disciple was ^: 1. Arya Sudharman of the Agnivei"yayana gotra ; 2. Arya 6^ambunaman of the Kai"yapa gotra ; 3. Arya Prabhava of the Katyayana gotra ; 4. Arya ^'ayyambha, father of Manaka, was of the Vatsa gotra ; 5. Arya Ya^-obhadra of the Tungikayana go- tra. (3) In the short redaction the list of Sthaviras after A Arya Yai"obhadra is the following : 6. Arya Sambhutavi^aya of the Ma//zara gotra and Arya Bhadrabahu of the PraZ'ina gotra ; 7. Arya Sthulabhadra of the Gautama gotra; 8. i. 3Arya Mahagiri of the Ailapatya gotra and ^ The sum total of 6'rama?/as is therefore 47 11, while in § 134 it is stated to have been 14,000. ^ I only give the facts. The names of those Sthaviras who con- tinue the line are spaced. The names are given in their Sanskrit form which in many cases is well known, in others can easily be made out. In doubtful cases I have put the Prakrit form in brackets. 288 KALPA SUTRA. il, Arya Su hast in of the Vasish//^a gotra ; 9. Susthita and Supratibuddha, surnamed Ko- /ika and Kakandaka, of the Vyaghrapat}a gotra; 10. Arya Indradatta (Indadinna) of the Kaiuika gotra; 1 1. Arya Datta (Dinna) of the Gautama gotra ; 12. Arya Si;;/hagiri Catismara of the Kaui-ika gotra ; 13. Arya Va^ra of the Gautama gotra; 14. Arya Va^rasena of the Utk?^zsh/a gotra \ He had four disciples : Arya Nagila, Arya Pad- mila, Arya 6^ayanta, and Arya Tapasa, each of whom founded a ^'akha called after his name, viz. the Aryanagila 6'akha, the Aryapadmila vSakha, the Arya^ayanti ^'akha, and the Aryatapasi 6'akha. (4) In the detailed redaction the list of Sthaviras after A Arya Ya5"obhadra is the following : 6. i. Arya Bhadrabahu of the Pra-^ina gotra, who had four disciples of the Kai^yapa gotra : a. Godasa, founder of the Godasa Ga?^a ^, which was divided into four ^'akhas : a. The Tamraliptika ^Sakha, A The Ko/ivarshiya ^'akha, y. 4The Pu;2^ravardhaniya .Sakha, and ^ He is left out in some MSS. ^ It is not quite clear what is meant by Ga«a, Kula, and ^S'akha. Ga«a designates the school which is derived from one teacher ; Kula the succession of teachers in one line ; -Sakha the lines which branch off from each teacher. These terms seem to be disused in modern times, for the four principal divisions called after Nagendra, A'andra, Nivmti, and Vidyadhara are generally called Kulas, but also occasionally 6'akhas. They go back to Va^ra according to some, to Va^rasena according to others. The modern Ga^/^/^a appears equivalent with the ancient Ga«a. LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. 289 S. The Dasikharba^ika ^akha. b. Agnidatta, c. 6^anadatta, d. Somadatta. ii. Arya Sambhutavi^aya of the Ma//^ara gotra, who had twelve disciples : 7. a. Nandanabhadra, b. Upananda, c. Tishyabhadra\ d. Yawbhadra, e. Sumanobhadra ^, f. Ma/^ibhadra, g. Pu/^yabhadra ^, h. Sthulabhadra of the Gautama gotra, i. 7?2Vumati, k. 6^ambu, 1. Dirghabhadra, and m. Pa/^^ubhadra ; and seven female disciples : a. Yaksha, b. Yakshadatta (Yakshadinna), c. Bhuta, d. Bhutadatta (Bhutadinna), e. Sena (also E;^a), f. Ve?^a, g. Re;^a. 8. i. Arya Mahagiri of the Ailapatya gotra, who had eight disciples : a. Uttara, b. Balissaha, who both together founded the Uttarabalissaha Ga7ia, which was di- vided into four 6akhas : ^ Tisabhadda, translated Tridaj-abhadra. 5^ Or Sumanabhadra. ^ Or Purwibhadra. [22] U 290 KALPA sOtRA. a. Kau^ambika, j8. Sautaptika (Pr. Soittiya), y. Kau^^umbini (or Ku;^^adhari), S. iTandanagari. c. Dhanarddhi (Pr. Dha;za^^/^a), d. vSirarddhi (Pr. Sinddhd), e. K.od[ny2i, f. Naga, g. Nagaputra, h. A'/^aluka Rohagupta of the Kau^ika gotra, founder of the Traira^ika ^Sakha. ii. Arya Suhastin^ of the Vasish//5a gotra, who had twelve disciples : Aa. Arya Roha;^a of the Kai"yapa gotra, founder of the Uddeha Ga;2a, which was divided into four ^Sakhas : a. Udumbarika (Pr. Udumbari^^ya), p. Masapurika, y. Matipatrika, B. Pur;/apatrika (Pr. Punnapattiya, Panna°, Sunna°, or Suvanna°); and into six Kulas: a. Nagabhuta, ^\ Somabhtata, y'. Ullaga/^/'//a (or Ardraka/^/§/^a ?), ^. Hastilipta (Pr. Hatthili^a), e', Nandika (Pr. Nandi^^), C. Parihasaka. ^ Suhastin is said to have converted Samprati, grandson and suc- cessor of Ajoka. The correctness of this statement is open to doubt ; but at any rate Suhastin must have been one of the most important patriarchs, for under and immediately after him the spread of Gainism must have been uncommonly vigorous, as is proved by the great number of Kulas and .Sakhas at that time. LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. 29 1 b. Bhadraya^as of the Bharadva^a gotra, who founded the Uduvafika Ga;^a, which was divided into four vS'akhas : •a. K amply ika (Pr. Ka;?;2pi^iya), /?. Bhadriyika (Pr. Bhaddi^^iya), y. 6Kakandika, S. Mekhaliyika(Pr. MehaH/^iya); and into three Kulas : a. Bhadrayaska (Pr. Bhadda^asiya), /3'. Bhadraguptika, y'. Yai^obhadra (Pr. C'asabhadda). c. Megha. d. Kamarddhi (Pr. Ka.midd/n) of the Ku;/^ala gotra, who founded the Ve^ava/ika Ga7^a, which was divided into four •Sakhas : a. 6'ravastika, /S. Ra^yapalika (Pr. Ra^^apaliya), y. Antara;^^ika (Pr. Antari^iya), S. KshemaHptika (Pr. Khemali^iya); and into four Kulas : a. Ga7^ika, /S'. Maighika, y'. Kamarddhika, S". Indrapuraka. e. K^rigupta of the Harita gotra, founder of the Karana. Gana, which was divided into four 6'akhas : a. Haritamalakari, )3, Sa^ukdLs'ika., y. Gavedhuka, S. Va^ranagari ; and into seven Kulas : a. Vatsaliya (Pr. Va/^/^/^ali^^a), u 2 A 292 KALPA SUTRA. (3'. Pritidharmika, y. Haridraka (Pr. Hali^^^a), S\ Pushyamitrlka (Pr. Pusamitti^^a), €\ Malyaka (Pr. Mali^^a), ^. Arya/^e/aka, V^. Kresh;^asakha (Pr. Kanhasaha). f. i?/shigiipta Kakandaka of the Vasish/?/^a gotra, founder of the Manava Gana, which was divided into four ^'akhas: a. Kai-yapiya (Pr. Kasavi^iya), (3. Gautamiya (Pr. Goyame^^iya), y. Vdsish///tya (Pr. Vasi////iya), S. Saurash^'rika ; and into three Kulas : a. 7?/shiguptika, /3'. 7?/shidattika, y\ Abhiyai"asa. g. and h. Susthita and Supratibuddha, surnamed Kau/ika and Kakandaka, of the Vyaghrapatya gotra, founders of the Kau/ika Ga;^a, which was cHvided into four 6akhas : a. 7U/C'X'anagari, )8. Vidyadhari, y. Va^ri, S. Madhyamika (Pr. Ma^c.-^/^imilla) ; and into four Kulas : a. Brahmaliptaka (Pr. Ba??2bhaH^^^a), (3\ Vatsaliya (Pr. Va/C'/^/^ah^^a, cf. e. a'.), y'. Va?^iya (Pr. Va/^i^^a), S". Pra^navahanaka. Both Sthaviras had together five disciples : A 10. a. Arya Indradatta (Pr. Indadinna) of the Ka5-yapa gotra, LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. 293 b. Priyagantha, founder of the Madhyama K^akha, c. Vidyadharagopala of the Kayyapa gotra, founder of the Vidyadhari .^'akha, d. i?/shidatta, e. Arhaddatta (Pr. Arihadatta). 11. Arya Datta (Pr. Dinna) of the Gautama gotra, who had two disciples : A 12. i. Arya ^'antisenika of the Ma//^ara gotra, founder of the U/^ianaofari ^S^akha, w^ho had four disciples : A ^ Aa. Arya Senika, founder of the Aryasenika 6akha, AAb. Arya Tapasa, founder of the Aryatapasi ^'akha, c. Arya Kubera, founder of the Aryakubera ^'akha, and d. Arya i?/shipalita, founder of the Aryarz- shipalita ^'akha. ii. Arya Si;;2hagiri 6^atismara of the Gau- tama gotra, who had four disciples : 13. a. Dhanagiri, b. Arya Samita of the Gautama gotra, founder of the Brahmadvipika 6akha, Ac. Arya Va^ra of the Gautama gotra, founder of the Aryava^ra ^'akha, d. Arhaddatta (Pr. Arihadinna). AA 14. i. Arya Va^rasena, founder of the Aryanagila ^'akh^, AA ii. Arya Padma, founder of the Aryapadma 6'akha, A iii. 8Arya Ratha of the Vatsa gotra, founder of the Aryaj^ayanti ^'akha. 15. Arya Pushyagiri of the Kau^ika gotra. 294 KALPA sOtRA. A i6. Arya Phalgumitra of the Gautama gotra. 17. Arya Dhanagiri of the Vasish^'/^a gotra. 18. Arya .Sivabhuti of the Kautsa gotra. 19. Arya Bhadra of the Ka-yyapa gotra. 20. Arya Nakshatra of the Kai'yapa gotra. 21. Arya Raksha of the Ka^yapa gotra. 22. Arya Naga of the Gautama gotra. 23. Arya6^ehila^of the Vasish//^a gotra. 24. Arya Vish^^u of the Ma///ara gotra. 25. Arya Kalaka of the Gautama gotra. 26. Arya Sampalita and Bhadra, both of the Gautama gotra. 27. Arya Vr^ddha of the Gautama gotra. 28. Arya Sahghapalita of the Gautama gotra. 29. Arya Hastin of the Kaj-yapa gotra. 30. Arya Dharma of the Suvrata gotra. 31. Arya Si;;2ha of the Ka^yapa gotra. 32. Arya Dharma of the Kai^yapa gotra. 33. Arya ^Sa/^^ilya^. ^ A various reading has G^e/Mila = Gye^hih^.. ^ This list in prose from 1 7 down to 33 is wanting in some MSS. I think that -Saw^filya is the same as Skandila, who was president of the council of Mathura, which seems to have been the rival of that in Valabht; see notes to my edition of the Kalpa Sutra, p. 117. It deserves to be noticed that the gotra of 6'aw^ilya is not given, while that of the remaining Sthaviras is specialised. This seems to prove that his name is a later addition to the list. After the prose list all MSS. 9have eight gathas, in which the names 16-32, given above, are repeated. Instead of translating these verses, which contain little more than a string of names, I only note down the differences from the above list. After 18 is added Dur^aya Kr/sh«a, a Kau/ika ; Nakshatra is shortened, metri causa, to Nakkha ; the gotra of Sahghapalita is Kajyapa instead of Gau- tama; after 30 are inserted Hasta of the Kaj-yapa gotra and Dharma. After these gathas follow five more, which are wanting in some MSS., and are not commented upon. The last (14th) gatha is LIST OF THE STHAVIRAS. 295 Bowing down my head, I pay my reverence to the Sthavira Gamhu. of the Gautama gotra, who possessed steady virtue, good conduct, and know- ledge, ix. I prostrate myself before the Sthavira Nandita of Kai"yapa gotra, who is possessed of great clemency and of knowledge, intuition, and good conduct. X. Then I adore the Kshamai"rama/2a De^iga^^in of the Kai"yapa gotra, who, steady in his conduct, pos- sesses the highest righteousness and virtue, xi. Then I prostrate myself before the Kshamai-ra- ma^^a Sthiragupta of the Vatsya gotra, the preserver of the sacred lore, the wise one, the ocean of wisdom, him of great virtue, xii. Then I adore the Sthavira prince, Dharma, the virtuous Ga;^In, who stands well in knowledge, in- tuition, good conduct, and penance, and is rich in virtues^, xiii. 10I revere the Kshama.Trama;2a Devarddhi of the Kai-yapa gotra, who wears, as it were, the jewel of the right understanding of the Sutras, and pos- sesses the virtues of patience, self-restraint, and clemency, xiv. End of the List of the Sthaviras. found in all MSS. It brings the list down to the president of the council of Valabht. (The translation of the gathas ix-xiv is given in full in the text.) ^ The Sthaviras named in verses ix-xiii are probably not to be regarded as following each other in a continuous line, but rather as famous Sthaviras praised here for some reason or other (pfi^artham). At least the first, Gamhu, seems to be the same with Gambu, the second of the list, who was also a Kajyapa. 296 KALPA SUTRA. ‹Previous chapterKalpa Sutra 3Next chapterKalpa Sutra 5›Similar passagesBy tradition and source labelFind similarCompare selectedCompare with similarAsk Deep ThoughtSelect passages to search for parallels.Tap any verse to select it, then compare selected passages or ask Deep Thought. Public-domain 1884 English translation