AvestaZoroastrianismAccepted ScriptureAvestanShareVendidad Fargard 4Darmesteter and Mills / Sacred Books of the East - EnglishMoreVersion - 1 availableDarmesteter and Mills / Sacred Books of the EastLanguageEnglishEspañol‹Vendidad Fargard 1Vendidad Fargard 2Vendidad Fargard 3Vendidad Fargard 4Vendidad Fargard 5Vendidad Fargard 6Vendidad Fargard 7Vendidad Fargard 8Vendidad Fargard 9Vendidad Fargard 10Vendidad Fargard 11Vendidad Fargard 12Vendidad Fargard 13Vendidad Fargard 14Vendidad Fargard 15Vendidad Fargard 16Vendidad Fargard 17Vendidad Fargard 18Vendidad Fargard 19Vendidad Fargard 20Vendidad Fargard 21Vendidad Fargard 22Sirozah Sirozah 1Yashts KhorshedSirozah Sirozah 2Yashts Ormazd YashtYashts ArdibehioT 1 YashtYashts Khordad YashtYashts Aban YashtYashts Khorshed YashtYashts Mah YashtYashts Tlr YashtYashts G oS YashtYashts Mihir / Mithra YashtYashts Sraosha Yasht HadhoKhtYashts Rashn YashtYashts Bahram YashtYashts Ram YashtYashts Ashi YashtYashts Aytad YashtYashts Zamyad YashtYashts Van Ant YashtYashts Yasht FragmentYashts Vtetasp YashtNyayis Khorshed? NyayiyNyayis Mihir / Mithra NyayiyNyayis Aban NyayiyNyayis Atay NyayisYasna Yasna 28Yasna Yasna 34Yasna Yasna 30Yasna Yasna 31Yasna Yasna 32Yasna Yasna 33Yasna Yasna 43Yasna Yasna 44Yasna Yasna 11Yasna Yasna 45Yasna Yasna 46Yasna Yasna 47Yasna Yasna 48Yasna Yasna 49Yasna Yasna 50Yasna Yasna 51Yasna Yasna 60Yasna Yasna 53Yasna Yasna 1Yasna Yasna 2Yasna Yasna 3Yasna Yasna 4Yasna Yasna 5Yasna Yasna 6Yasna Yasna 7Yasna Yasna 8Yasna Yasna 9Yasna Yasna 10Yasna Yasna 12Yasna Yasna 13Yasna Yasna 22Yasna Yasna 14Yasna Yasna 15Yasna Yasna 16Yasna Yasna 17Yasna Yasna 19Yasna Yasna 18Yasna Yasna 20Yasna Yasna 21Yasna Yasna 29Yasna Yasna 23Yasna Yasna 24Yasna Yasna 25Yasna Yasna 26Yasna Yasna 27Yasna Yasna 35Yasna Yasna 36Yasna Yasna 37Yasna Yasna 38Yasna Yasna 39Yasna Yasna 40Yasna Yasna 41Yasna Yasna 42Yasna Yasna 52Yasna Yasna 54Yasna Yasna 55Yasna Yasna 56Yasna Yasna 57Yasna Yasna 58Yasna Yasna 59Yasna Yasna 61Yasna Yasna 62Yasna Yasna 65Yasna Yasna 66Yasna Yasna 68Yasna Yasna 70Yasna Yasna 71Yasna Yasna 72Visparad Visparad 1Visparad Visparad 2Visparad Visparad 11Visparad Visparad 3Visparad Visparad 4Visparad Visparad 5Visparad Visparad 7Visparad Visparad 8Visparad Visparad 9Visparad Visparad 10Visparad Visparad 12Visparad Visparad 13Visparad Visparad 14Visparad Visparad 15Visparad Visparad 16Visparad Visparad 18Visparad Visparad 19Visparad Visparad 20Visparad Visparad 21Visparad Visparad 23Afrinagan AfrinaganGahs Gah 1Gahs Gah 2Gahs Gah 3Gahs Gah 4Gahs Gah 5Miscellaneous Fragments Fragment 1Miscellaneous Fragments Fragment 2Miscellaneous Fragments Fragment 3Miscellaneous Fragments Fragment 4Miscellaneous Fragments Fragment 5Miscellaneous Fragments Miscellaneous FragmentsMiscellaneous Fragments Fragment 9›Vendidad: Fargard 4Vendidad Fargard 4ListenPlay this chapter in spoken English.Save chapterListen to chapter2Classification of contracts; 3-4. Damages for breach of contract; 5-10. Kinsmen responsible; II- 16. Penalties for breach of contract. 17- 55. Outrages (see Introd. V, 18): — 18- 21. Menaces; 22-25. Assaults; 26-29. Blows; 30-33. Wounds; 34-36. Wounds causing blood to flow; 37-39. Broken bones; 40-43. Manslaughter; 4649 (bis)— 55. False oaths. Clauses 44-45 refer to contracts, and ought to be placed after § 16. Clauses 47-49, which are in praise of physical weal, have been probably misplaced here from the preceding Fargard (see Farg. Ill, 33). The right order of this chapter would, therefore, seem to be as follows: 1-16; 44-45; 17-43; 4^> 49 (bis)— 55- VENd!dAd. 1He that does not restore (a thing lent), when it is asked for back again, steals the thing; he robs the man x. So he does every day, every night, as long as he keeps in his house his neighbour’s pro¬ perty, as though it were his own 2. II a. 2O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! How many in number are thy contracts, O Ahura Mazda? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ They are six in num¬ ber 3. The first is the word-contract 4; the second is the hand-contract 1; the third is the contract to the amount of a sheep 2; the fourth is the contract to the amount of an ox 3; the fifth is the contract to the amount of a man 4; the sixth is the contract to the amount of a field5, a field in good land, a fruitful one, in good bearing6.’ II b. 3If a man make the word-contract a mere word 7, it shall be redeemed by the hand-contract; he shall give in pledge 8 the amount of the handcontract. 4The hand-contract 9 shall be redeemed by the sheep-contract; he shall give in pledge the amount of the sheep-contract. The sheep-contract shall be redeemed by the ox-contract; he shall give in pledge the amount of the ox-contract. The oxcontract shall be redeemed by the man-contract; he translation would be rather, ‘The contract to the amount of a human being,’ as the term is applied to promises of marriage and to the contract between teacher and pupil. shall give in pledge the amount of the man-contract. The man-contract shall be redeemed by the fieldcontract; he shall give in pledge the amount of the field-contract. lie. 5O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the word-contract, how many are involved in his sin 1? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘His sin makes his NaM.nazdi.stas 2 answerable for the8 three hundred¬ fold atonement.’ 6O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the hand-contract, how many are involved in his sin? Ahura Mazda answered: 1 His sin makes his NabanazdLstas answerable for the six hundred-fold atonement4.’ (Gr, Rav. 1. 1.) 7O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the sheep-contract, how many are involved in his sin? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘His sin makes his Nabanazdhtas answerable for the seven hundred¬ fold atonement1/ 8O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the ox-contract, how many are involved in his sin? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘His sin makes his Nabinazdbtas answerable for the eight hundred¬ fold atonement 2 3 4/ 9O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the man-contract, how many are involved in his sin? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘His sin makes his Nabanazdirtas answerable for the nine hundred-fold atonement V 10O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the field-contract, how many are involved in his sin? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘His sin makes his Nabanazdbtas answerable for the thousand-fold atonement V II d. 11O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the word-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Three hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, three hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana V 12O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the hand-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Six hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, six hundred stripes with the Sraosho-Z'arana V 13O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the sheep-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: 1 2 Seven hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, seven hundred stripes with the Sraosho-^arana 3 4 *.’ 14O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the ox-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Eight hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, eight hundred stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana V 15O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the man-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Nine hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, nine hundred stripes with the Sraosho-/£arana 6/ 16O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man break the field-contract, what is the penalty that he shall pay? s Four tan&fuhrs and a half, or 5400 dirhems. Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ A thousand stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, a thousand stripes with the Sraosho-i’arana 1.’ Ill a. 17If a man rise up to smite a man, it is an Agerepta 2. If a man come upon a man to smite him, it is an AvaoirUta. If a man actually smite a man with evil aforethought, it is an Aredu-v. Upon the fifth Aredoy3 he becomes a Peshdtanu4. 18O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! He that committeth an Agerepta, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Five stripes with the Aspahe-astra, five stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana; on the second Agerepta, ten stripes with the Aspahe-astra, ten stripes with the Sraosho-^arana; on the third, fifteen stripes with the Aspahe-aitra, fifteen stripes with the Sraosho-iarana. 19‘ On the fourth, thirty stripes with the Agerepta, ‘ seizing,’ is when a man seizes a weapon with a view to smite another. Avaoirirta, ‘brandishing,’ is when a man brandishes a weapon with a view to smite another. Are dur is when a man actually smites another with a weapon, but without wounding him, or inflicts a wound which is healed within three days. Aspahe-avtra, thirty stripes with the Sraosho-iarana; on the fifth, fifty stripes with the Aspahe-artra, fifty stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana; on the sixth, sixty stripes with the Aspah^-artra, sixty stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana; on the seventh, ninety stripes with the Aspah^-artra, ninety stripes with the Sraosho- /£arana.’ 20If a man commit an Agerepta for the eighth time, without having atoned for the pre¬ ceding, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the S raosh o-/§a ra na. ’ 21If a man commit an Agerepta1 and refuse to atone for it 2, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, two hundred stripes with the Sraoshd-iarana.’ 22O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man commit an Avaoirirta, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Ten stripes with the Aspahe-avtra, ten stripes with the Sraosho-iarana; on the second Avaoimta, fifteen stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, fifteen stripes with the Sraosho-Airana. 4* stripes with the Sraosho-/£arana; on the sixth, ninety stripes with the Aspahe-artra, ninety stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana.5 24O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man commit an Avaoirhta for the seventh time, without having atoned for the pre¬ ceding, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, two hundred stripes with the Sraoshd-^arana.’ Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-artra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosh 6- Parana.’ 26O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man commit an Aredu.?, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Fifteen stripes with the Aspahe-a-stra, fifteen stripes with the Sraosho- /t’arana. 27(81). ‘On the second Areduj, thirty stripes with the Aspahd-aitra, thirty stripes with the Sraosho-/£arana; on the third, fifty stripes with the Aspahe-aJ'tra, fifty stripes with the Sraoshd-/£arana; on the fourth, seventy stripes with the Aspahe-artra, seventy stripes with the Sraosho-^arana; on the fifth, ninety stripes with the Aspahd-astra, ninety stripes with the Sraoshd-^arana.’ 28O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man commit an Aredus for the sixth time, without having atoned for the preceding, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana.’ 29O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man commit an Aredus, and re¬ fuse to atone for it, what penalty shall he pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana. ’ 30O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another and hurt him sorely, what is the penalty that he shall pay? 31(87). Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Thirty stripes with the Aspahe-astra, thirty stripes with the Sraoshd-iarana; the second time, fifty stripes with the Aspahd-astra, fifty stripes with the Sraosho- ^arana; the third time, seventy stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, seventy stripes with the Sraosho- ^arana; the fourth time, ninety stripes with the AspahAastra, ninety stripes with the Sraoshd- /§arana.’ 32If a man commit that deed for the fifth time, without having atoned for the preceding, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-/§arana.’ 33If a man commit that deed and refuse to atone for it, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the Sraoshd-^arana.’ 34O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another so that the blood comes, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Fifty stripes with the Aspahe-artra, fifty stripes with the Sraosho-Aarana; the second time, seventy stripes with the Aspahea.stra, seventy stripes with the Sraosho-Airana; the third time, ninety stripes with the Aspahe-a^'tra, ninety stripes with the Sraosho-iarana.’ 35If he commit that deed for the fourth time, without having atoned for the preceding, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosh6-/£arana.’ 36O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another so that the blood comes, and if he refuse to atone for it, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-^arana.’ Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Seventy stripes with the Aspahe-a.rtra, seventy stripes with the Sraosho- ^arana; the second time, ninety stripes with the Aspahe-artra, ninety stripes with the Sraoshdy£arana.’ 38If he commit that deed for the third time, without having atoned for the preceding, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-a.stra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-^arana.’ 39O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another so that he breaks a bone, and if he refuse to atone for it, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-a^tra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana.’ 40O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another so that he gives up the ghost, what is the penalty that he shall Pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘Ninety stripes with the Aspahe-artra, ninety stripes with the Sraosho- /farana.’ 41If he commit that deed again, without having atoned for the preceding, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: * He is a Peshotanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-astra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana.’ 42O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! If a man smite another so that he gives up the ghost, and if he refuse to atone for it, what is the penalty that he shall pay? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ He is a Peshdtanu: two hundred stripes with the Aspahe-a-stra, two hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana.’ 43And they shall thenceforth in their doings walk after the way of holiness, after the word of holiness, after the ordinance of holiness. He1. 44If men of the same faith, either friends or brothers, come to an agreement together, that one may obtain from the other, either goods 2, or a wife 3, or knowledge 4, let him who wants to have goods have them delivered to him; let him who wants to have a wife receive and wed her; let him who wants to have knowledge be taught the holy word. 45He shall learn on, during the first part of the day and the last, during the first part of the night and the last, that his mind may be increased in knowledge and wax strong in holiness: so shall he sit up, giving thanks and praying to the gods, that he may be increased in knowledge: he shall rest during the middle part of the day, during the middle part of the night, and thus shall he continue until he can say all the words which former Aethrapaitis 6 have said. Ill b. 46Before the water and the blazing fire6, sA teaching priest (Parsi Herbad). O Spitama Zarathustra! let no one make bold to deny having received from his neighbour the ox or the garment (he has received from him). 47... Verily I say it unto thee, O Spitama Zarathmtra! the man who has a wife is far above him who begets no sons 1; he who keeps a house is far above him who has none; he who has children is far above the childless man; he who has riches is far above him who has none. 48And of two men, he who fills himself with meat is filled with the good spirit 2 much more than he who does not do so 3; the latter is all but dead; the former is above him by the worth of an Asperena 4, by the worth of a sheep, by the worth of an ox, by the worth of a man. oaths. The water and the blazing fire are the water and the fire before which the oath is taken (see § 54 n.); putting aside §§ 47-49, which are misplaced from Farg. Ill, 34, one comes to § 50, in which the penalty for a false oath is described. the self-moving arrow 1; that can strive against the winter fiend, with thinnest garment on; that can strive against the wicked tyrant and smite him on the head; it is this man that can strive against the ungodly Ashemaogha who does not eat 2. 49... The very first time when that deed3 has been done, without waiting until it is done again 4. 50(143). Down there5 the pain for that deed shall be as hard as any in this world: should one cut off the limbs from his perishable body with knives of brass, yet still worse shall it be. 51Down there the pain for that deed shall be as hard as any in this world: should one nail6 his perishable body with nails of brass, yet still worse shall it be. 52Down there the pain for that deed shall be as hard as any in this world: should one by force throw his perishable body headlong down a precipice a hundred times the height of a man, yet still worse shall it be. 53Down there the pain for that deed shall be as hard as any in this world: should one by force impale 7 his perishable body, yet still worse shall it be. 54Down there the pain for that deed shall be as hard as any in this world: to wit, that deed which is done, when a man, knowingly lying, confronts the brimstoned, golden8, truth-knowing 9 water with an appeal unto Rashnu 1 and a lie unto Mithra 2. 55O Maker of the material world, thou Holy One! He who, knowingly lying, confronts the brimstoned, golden, truth-knowing water with an appeal unto Rashnu and a lie unto Mithra, what is the penalty that he shall pay 3? Ahura Mazda answered: ‘ Seven hundred stripes with the Aspahe-aitra, seven hundred stripes with the Sraosho-iarana.’ ‹Previous chapterVendidad Fargard 3Next chapterVendidad Fargard 5›Similar passagesBy tradition and source labelFind similarCompare selectedCompare with similarAsk Deep ThoughtSelect passages to search for parallels.Tap any verse to select it, then compare selected passages or ask Deep Thought. Public-domain 1880/1883/1887 English translation